We consider in this category groups or companies which develop open source software through the initiative (at least in the financial sense) of some external organization. Usually those external entities determine how the funds are to be spent, and where the development efforts are headed. The developer entity just follows those more or less strict guidelines. In some sense, it could be said that the external entity `sponsors' the development of some given open source software. In this category, we can distinguish at least three models, according to who funds the project and why. We have called them public funding, `needed improvement' funding, and indirect funding.